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How a Coffee Espresso Machine Works Understanding how complex devices work can make them easier to use and appreciate. It will also help you decide which one is best for you. Temperature and pressure of water are two key factors in espresso machines. For optimal flavor extraction, water should be between 195 and 204 degrees Fahrenheit. Pressure is also important however, too much pressure can ruin the taste of the coffee. The ideal pressure for coffee is nine bar. Types If you're a lover of coffee who prefers a richer more full-bodied, full-bodied taste than the one produced by the typical drip coffee maker, an espresso machine might be right for you. Espresso is a concentrated coffee brew made by pushing hot pressurized water through finely ground beans inside a portafilter. There are a variety of espresso machines, but they all share certain features. The most popular espresso machine employs pumps to push heated water through the brewing system, creating high pressure for extraction of espresso. The pump is powered either by gas or electricity. There are also different types of pumps used to produce different pressure levels. Many espresso machines let users choose between pre-packaged pods and freshly ground coffee beans. Fresh ground coffee is more flavorful, and allows the user to adjust the strength of the coffee, and saves money over time as opposed buying pre-packaged pods. These kinds of machines typically come with a built-in grinder, which can start the process off with fresh, quality coffee grounds. They also have steam wands that can be used to make the hot, frothy milk commonly used in drinks like cappuccino and Latte. Manual espresso machines may not be as popular as semi-automatic or automated alternatives, but they provide more control over the variables that determine when to cut off (end) a shot. These machines can also be adjusted to suit the user's preferences like changing the strength of the coffee or the size of the espresso shot. These espresso machines are equipped with a reservoir which holds water, a portafilter handle, and a spigot, which is where the ground coffee is made. The spigot is positioned within the grouphead, where the portafilter pulls the espresso shots. The machines come with a control panel that allows you to alter the temperature of the water, the duration of the brewing process, and also the pressure. They are typically operated by an electrical switch, but some also have a lever that can be operated manually. Origins In the early days espresso coffee was created by pressing steam-water mixtures into ground coffee. Baristas were required to work hard and spend much time working on this. As coffee became more popular and more popular, the demand for a faster method of making it increased. The idea for the espresso machine came from this. In 1884, Angelo Moriondo patented his steam-powered machine that pushed steam and water through tamped coffee pucks under high pressure. It wasn't until 1947 that Achille Gaggia improved upon the original design with his hand-pumped espresso machine. This model added more pressure to the coffee, allowing it to draw more colloids and oils. It also helped produce crema, the golden-colored layer on the top of the espresso cup. Gaggia advertised his machines with rhymes and targeted advertisements in the fields of entertainment and sports. The machines were later referred to as Cimbali and the word espresso was affixed with these copper-based constructions. Luigi Bezzera, a Milanese manufacturer was a barista with the knowledge to create more efficient espresso machines than his competition. He made numerous improvements to the original Moriondo invention and introduced portafilters, multiple brewheads and other innovations that are still associated with espresso makers today. He was the first to patent single-shot espresso and this is what led to the espresso coffee that we enjoy today. Desidero Pavoni was a café owner and entrepreneur who was influenced by Bezzera's invention. He purchased a portion of the patent from Bezzera and then marketed the “Ideale” version, which was his own. The model isn't identical to modern espresso machines, but it was the first commercially available model. Pavoni's machine was the first to standardize the one-ounce output of espresso and was the first person to use pressure to create a thick crema. This was a huge advancement for coffee. He also reduced the temperature of the boiler, and used a valve that allowed pressure to increase and decrease at regular intervals. This increased consistency of the boiler and also reduced heat loss. The pump was a significant improvement for the espresso machine, and is an integral part of modern espresso machines. Variations There are different types of espresso machines for coffee with different processes that create a slightly different drink. The choice of the machine ultimately is dependent on the kind of coffee you enjoy. The different factors that differentiate espresso from other coffee drinks comprise the way the beans are ground, the kind of water is used, and how much pressure is pushed during the brewing process. One of the most popular is an espresso machine that is driven by a pump, which uses an electric pump to move water through a filter basket with ground coffee, and a filter made of metal. This kind of machine can be the most simple to use and doesn't require any special skills. It is also one of the most affordable coffee espresso machines. A manual espresso machine is another option that is popular. It allows you to control key brewing variables like water temperature and pressurization. Espresso is best enjoyed when the water is between 200 and 204 degrees Fahrenheit and the ideal pressure ranges from 15 to 9 bar. These machines typically feature a group head that you lock the portafilter into. You can select between single- and double-wall filter baskets. They have a handle on the side that you can twist to secure them into the machine. If you're looking to bring a rustic, European style brewing method to your workplace then the French press machine is the ideal choice. These machines are made from metal or glass and come with an lower chamber that holds the grounds. A second chamber with a filter is placed on the top. Pour hot coffee over the beans, wait for a couple of minutes, and then remove upper chamber and take a cup of rich espresso. Capsule machines are a sleeker alternative that could make an excellent addition to an office. They operate by heating the coffee pod inside, which is compressed into a container of hot water. This creates a smooth, full-bodied coffee with little fuss. They are also easy to clean and can be ideal for a workspace that caters to clients or has many one-on-one meetings. Benefits If you own a cafe or work in an office setting having a coffee maker and espresso machine will save you time and money. You can start your morning off right by avoiding the need to stand in long lines at cafes. This will give your the energy to stay focused throughout the day. Many coffee and espresso machines are designed with features that allow you to control every aspect of the brewing process including temperature, extraction settings, brew size, and much more. These controls allow you to create drinks with the exact aromas and tastes that you prefer. You can also pick the models that make use of coffee pods or whole ground coffee, which allows you to create an array of different drinks with the same machine. Many of the most well-known espresso and coffee machines are constructed using materials that are durable. This means they can stand up to high use, while providing outstanding flavor and aromas. A lot of machines are designed to be easy to clean, which will help you maintain the health of your staff and customers alike. Modern technology in espresso machines can help to reduce the use of energy and waste. For instance a modern coffee and espresso machine can reduce water consumption by filling to the desired quantity when it's ready to use. This means there is no need for constant refilling of the tank. This can decrease the amount of water used and also energy consumption. Some machines also have a system which detects when the water is empty and shuts off the machine immediately after brewing. This eliminates the need for baristas to continuously check and refill the reservoir, which will reduce the chance of water spills. Many espresso and coffee machines have advanced cleaning functions that can remove calcium deposits from the pipes of the machine. Descaling is accomplished by wiping the coffee and espresso machine with a mix of white vinegar and warm water. It's recommended that you descale your machine at least once per month, but some makers suggest doing it every three months.